Primary Cilia Mechanobiology

Abstract The primary cilium is a ubiquitous solitary sensory organelle that has emerged as an integral site of cellular mechanotransduction. In this chapter, we will introduce the structure and function of the primary cilium. We will discuss how the cilium contributes to the mechanobiology of tissues within the urinary, circulatory, and musculoskeletal systems, where this organelle has established itself as an integral site of mechanotransduction. We will also present evidence for how alterations in the mechanics of this cellular structure can influence cell signaling and finish with a discussion of the current unknowns and potential future directions for primary ciliary mechanobiology research.