Ultrasonographic Characterization of Spleen and Liver in Clinically Healthy Camels

This study aimed to investigate the ultrasonographic position and characteristic appearance of spleen and liver in adult camels. The spleen was visualized on the left side from 9th to12th ICS. Many small sized echoes occupied uniform space were the characteristic constituent of splenic parenchyma and vessels seen as elongated or round to oval anechoic views within the parenchyma. The splenic dorsal margin and extent were largest at 9th ICS (66.75±1.47 and 17.1±1.01 cm) and smallest at 12th ICS (41.8±1.31 and 10±0.74 cm), respectively. The mean diameter of vessels of the spleen ranged from 0.21±0.03 to 0.4±0.01 cm. For the liver, it was scanned from the right side between 9th to 11th ICS. The shortest hepatic dorsal and ventral margins (37.07 ± 1.07 and 54.37 ± 1.76 cm) were found at 11th ICS, but cranially became greater to 9th ICS (43.84 ± 1.82 cm and 61.58 ± 1.17), respectively. The greatest hepatic extent was at 9th ICS (17.72 ± 1.68). The normal hepatic parenchyma was composed of large numbers of weak echoes evenly spread through the liver. We concluded that, the splenic and hepatic assessment by ultrasonography could provide an essential reference guide for diagnosing splenic and hepatic disorders in camels.