Evaluation of Cererbal Trauma by Computed Tomography - A Case Series

Background: Cranio-cerebral injuries are most common cause of hospital admission following trauma with associated long-term morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and management is very important. CT helps in evaluation of traumatic lesions of brain, cranial vault and extra-cranial soft tissues. Objective: Age and gender distribution, symptoms, presence of bony fracture, extra-cranial soft tissue injury, extra-axial hematoma, cerebral contusions, diffuse cerebral edema, diffuse axonal injury, intra-ventricular hemorrhage were evaluated and analyzed. Material and Methods: Study was conducted on 100 patients of head injury presenting to radiology department on Philips 128 Slice CT machine. Results: 45 % of affected patients were in the age group of 21-40 years. Male preponderance was found in the patients with head injury. Headache was the commonest presentation. Contusions were the most common intraparenchymal injury found in 48 %, followed by EDH in 46 % patients, followed by SDH and SAH which accounted for 43 % and 27 % respectively. Intraparenchymal hematoma was found in 20 % of patients and DAI in 13 %, intraventricular hemorrhage in 8 % and midline shift in 38 %. Conclusion: Patients of 3 rd and 4 th decade were the most commonly encountered with head injury with a slight male predominance. Temporal and parietal bones were most commonly involved in fracture. Parenchymal contusions, Subdural and extra dural hematoma were equally encountered findings in our study while subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage were seen less frequently observed. DAI was an uncommon finding in our study, most commonly located in gray-white matter junction.