Dynamic Self-Repairing Hybrid Liquid-in-Solid Protective Barrier for Cementitious Materials.
2020
Corrosion
and surface fouling of structural materials, such as concrete, are
persistent problems accelerating undesirable material degradation
for many industries and infrastructures. To counteract these detrimental
effects, protective coatings are frequently applied, but these solid-based
coatings can degrade or become mechanically damaged over time. Such
irreversible and irreparable damage on solid-based protective coatings
expose underlying surfaces and bulk materials to adverse environmental
stresses leading to subsequent fouling and degradation. We introduce
a new concept of a hybrid liquid-in-solid protective barrier (LIB)
to overcome the limitations of traditional protective coatings with
broad applicability to structural materials. Through optimization
of capillary forces and reduction of the interfacial energy between
an upper mobile liquid and a lower immobile solid phase, a stable
liquid-based protective layer is created. This provides a persistent
self-repairing barrier against the infiltration of moisture and salt,
in addition to omniphobic surface properties. As a model experimental
test bed, we applied this concept to cementitious materials, which
are commonly used as binders in concrete, and investigated how the
mobile liquid phase embedded within a porous solid support contributes
to the material’s barrier protection and antifouling properties.
Using industry standard test methods for acid resistance, chloride-ion
penetrability, freeze–thaw cyclability, and mechanical durability,
we demonstrate that LIBs exhibit significantly reduced water absorption
and ion penetrability, improved repellency against various nonaqueous
liquids, and resistance to corrosion while maintaining their required
mechanical performance as structural materials.
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