Primary transitional cell carcinoma of the fallopian tube: A case report and literature review.

INTRODUCTION Primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the fallopian tube is an extremely rare tumor. PATIENT CONCERNS A 79-year-old woman presenting with vaginal discharge. DIAGNOSIS Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a predominantly solid mass with a lobulated contour, measuring 5.5 cm × 4.6 cm, in the left ovary. The patient underwent total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Pathological analysis revealed a high-grade TCC, measuring 7.5 cm × 4 cm, in the left fallopian tube (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IIB). INTERVENTION Forty-three months postoperation, recurrence was diagnosed as peritoneal metastasis. The patient underwent 6 cycles of palliative chemotherapy consisting of cisplatin and gemcitabine, the recommended regimen for TCC of the urinary tract. OUTCOME The patient has survived for 27 months without recurrence after palliative chemotherapy, 76 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSION It is rare that primary TCC of the fallopian tube responds to a urinary tract treatment regimen for TCC, even when followed up for an extended period. More research is warranted to determine which treatment regimen will benefit patients the most.