Atherogenic changes of low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation, and antioxidant enzymes in pulmonary tuberculosis.

Abstract Objectives Tuberculosis remains one of the most common infectious diseases and a leading cause of mortality world wide. There is some evidence for the possible involvement of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in atherosclerosis. We aim to investigate total antioxidant capacity (TAC), red blood cell superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) susceptibility to oxidation, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Methods Forty-five males with active PTB (case group) and 45 healthy age-matched males (control group) were enrolled in the study. TAC, SOD and GPX activities were determined by commercial ELISA kits. MDA levels were measured using the thiobarbituric acid method. LDL susceptibility to oxidation was assessed by measuring lag phase duration. Results TAC, SOD and GPX activities, and lag phase duration in the case group were significantly lower than the control group ( p  = .002, p  = .004, p  = .008, and p  = .004, respectively; independent), while the MDA levels was higher in case group ( p  = .024). Conclusions Our findings suggest a higher susceptibility of LDL to oxidation and higher levels of lipid peroxidation, and therefore, a possible higher risk of atherosclerosis in patients with PTB.