Salivary anti-Ro60 and anti-Ro52 Antibody Profiles to Diagnose Sjögren’s Syndrome

Simple and non-invasive saliva-based diagnostics may be useful for the identification, understanding, and monitoring of autoimmune and infectious diseases. Previously, Luciferase Immunoprecipitation Systems (LIPS) were used for sensitive detection of patient serum autoantibodies in Sjogren’s Syndrome (SjS), a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the salivary and lacrimal glands. Here we explored the ability of LIPS to diagnose SjS based on IgG autoantibodies in patient saliva. From LIPS testing, anti-Ro60 autoantibodies were detected in the saliva of 70% (19/27) of SjS patients with 96% specificity. Positive anti-Ro60 autoantibodies were also found in 70% of the matched serum samples (96% specificity). LIPS detected Ro52 autoantibodies in the saliva and serum of 67% of SjS patients with 100% specificity. Overall, the autoantibody titers in saliva were approximately 4000-fold lower by volume than serum, but still distinguished seropositive patients from controls. These results suggest that LIPS salivary-based testing for SjS autoantibodies is a practical alternative to serum and compatible with point-of-care testing.