Türk Futbolundaki Yabancı Futbolcu Transferlerinin Kâr-Zarar Analizi

Yabanci futbolcu kontenjanlarinin sikca tartisildigi gunumuz ulke futbolunda, bu futbolcularin transferlerinin farkli yonleriyle incelenmesi gerekliligi ortaya cikmistir. Calismamizin amaci, Turk futbolundaki yabanci futbolcu transferlerinin ticari bakis acisiyla ele alinarak kâr-zarar analizinin yapilmasidir. Arastirma verileri, futbol dunyasinda genel kabul goren Transfermarkt veri tabanindan alinmistir. Calismada halka arz edilmis kuluplerin (Besiktas, Fenerbahce, Galatasaray, Trabzonspor) 1 Ocak 2000 - 31 Aralik 2019 tarihleri arasindaki yirmi yila varan surecte bonservisle gerceklestirdikleri tum yabanci futbolcu transferleri incelenmistir. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 24.0 programina aktarilmistir. Frekans ve yuzdelik tablolari cikartilarak yorumlanmistir. Kuluplerin yabanci futbolcu transferinde %52,96’lik oranla 25-29 yas grubundaki olgunluk seviyesine ulasmis futbolculara yoneldigi tespit edilmistir. Genc futbolculara yonelim ise tahmin edilenden dusuk bulunmustur. Brezilya uyruklu futbolcular %16,30’luk oranla en cok tercih edilen futbolculardir. Transferde en cok alisveris %62,22 ile Avrupa ligleriyle gerceklestirilmistir. Avrupa haricindeki dis pazarlarda transfer etkinligi yetersiz bulunmustur (%23,89). Arastirilan donemde yapilan yabanci futbolcu transferlerinde kulupler toplam 262,12M € zarar etmistir. 5M € ve ustu bonservis bedeli odenerek gerceklestirilen transferler, toplam zararda onemli bir yer tutmaktadir (%55,30). Son 5 yila bakildiginda ise kuluplerin yabanci futbolcu transferlerinde 40,56M € ile kârda oldugu gorulmektedir. Yabanci futbolcu transferindeki ticari tablonun zarardan kâra donmesinde Financial Fair Play (FFP) kriterlerinin kulupler uzerindeki zorlayici etkisinin basrol oynadigi dusunulmektedir. ABSTRACT In today's country football, where the quotas of foreign football players are frequently discussed, the necessity of examining the transfer of these football players from different aspects has emerged. The aim of our study is to analyze the profit-loss analysis of foreign football player transfers in Turkish football from a commercial perspective. The research data were taken from the Transfermarkt database, which is generally accepted in the football world. In the study, all foreign football player transfers made by publicly offered clubs (Besiktas, Fenerbahce, Galatasaray, Trabzonspor) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2019 were examined. The data obtained were transferred to the SPSS 24.0 program. Frequency and percentage tables are removed and interpreted. It has been determined that the clubs tend towards football players who have reached the maturity level in the 25-29 age group with a rate of 52.96% in the transfer of foreign players. The orientation towards young footballers is lower than expected. Brazilian footballers are the most preferred footballers with a rate of 16.30%. In transfer, the most shopping was realized with 62.22% European leagues. Transfer efficiency was found to be insufficient in foreign markets other than Europe (23.89%). Clubs lost a total of 262.12M € in the transfer of foreign players during the period under investigation. Transfers made by paying a transfer fee of 5M € or more have an important place in the total loss (55.30%). Looking at the last 5 years, it is seen that the clubs are in profit with 40.56M € in foreign player transfers. It is thought that the compelling effect of Financial Fair Play (FFP) criteria on clubs plays a leading role in the transformation of the commercial table from loss to profit in foreign player transfer.