Automatic guided vehicle (AGV) trolley plane positioning navigation system and method

The invention relates to the field of positioning navigation and discloses an automatic guided vehicle (AGV) trolley plane positioning navigation system and an AGV trolley plane positioning navigation method. The system comprises an AGV trolley, a map database, an ultrasonic sensor module, a steering engine module, a steering angle sensor module and a microprocessor module, wherein the map database is stored in the microprocessor module; the ultrasonic sensor module is arranged at a front-end central position and a left-side central position of the AGV trolley; and the ultrasonic sensor module, the steering engine module and the steering angle sensor module are respectively and electrically connected with the microprocessor module. The front and lateral ultrasonic sensor information of the AGV trolley is received, the microprocessor module adopts a corresponding positioning algorithm after map database matching, and the AGV trolley is positioned and controlled to move. An ultrasonic distometer is used for measuring the distance, the cost is low, and the distance measurement is accurate; and moreover, a driving path of the AGV trolley can be optionally planned, the guide rail constraint is broken, the control is convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.