도시철도 지하역사 화재 시뮬레이션을 통한 피난경로 분석

In the event of a fire outbreak in an underground subway station, the speed of movement slows down as many people try to evacuate at once and bottlenecks might begin to occur in some locations, potentially resulting in catastrophic accidents. This study aims to analyze egress routes depending on, among other factors that influence evacuation in the event of a fire outbreak, the characteristics of occupants and the initial points of fire, using GongEgress simulation program. In the simulation, Yeonsinnae Station, a transfer station on Seoul Subway Line 3 and 6, is being used to distinguish the fire location; a platform of Line 3, transfer passageways of Line 3 and 6, and a platform of Line 6 are selected as initial points of fire, and the simulation subjects are divided into ordinary people and the transportation vulnerable for analysis. The simulation result shows that the evacuation time of the transportation vulnerable is found to take 18% more than that of ordinary people, and the transfer passageways have lower survival probability compared to that of the platforms. Through the analysis of the results, the structural features of the underground subway station and the points of fire are proved to be the major factors that determine the survival probability of the occupants. Therefore, safety training for passengers through conducting fire drills at the station or fire accident simulations are considered necessary for prevention and proper response to underground subway fires.