Criterios diagnósticos y tratamientos del sindrome de obesidad metabólica con peso normal

Obesity is a serious health problem that is associated with cardiovascular complications, including the development of malignancies. The metabolic obesity syndrome with normal weight (subjects with body mass index less than 25 Kg / m2 but obese from the metabolic point of view) was initially described in the last century. The probable cause of this disorder is a pernicious change in lifestyle and diet. These subjects have a high percentage of alterations in metabolic regulation. Different investigations found a positive relationship between the syndrome and the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure, increased triglyceride levels, hyperinsulinemia, and adipocyte hypertrophy. Therefore, it is important to identify this group of affected subjects, but there are several criteria that have been used to diagnose the syndrome: insulin resistance index, increase in the amount of body fat, besides other individual components used for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. The etiology, epidemiology, and pathophysiology of this syndrome are not completely known, so the diagnosis varies and depends on the elements used by each of the investigations. There is no specifi c therapeutic scheme for patients with this condition. To date, lifestyle modification and increased physical activity are recommended to produce changes in metabolic parameters. The objective of this article was to review the diagnostic criteria and treatment of normal weight metabolic obesity syndrome.