Intraoperative bleeding during endoscopic sinus surgery and microvascular density of the nasal mucosa.

Abstract Purpose To evaluate the correlation between quality of the surgical field, intraoperative bleeding during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and the density of microvasculature of the nasal mucosa. Material/methods Nasal mucosa of 30 patients, operated for chronic rhinosinusitis, was biopsied to assess expression of CD34 antigen on vascular endothelium. Quality of surgical field was evaluated with Fromm-Boezaart scale at mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 70–80 mmHg. If at this MAP surgical field quality was not satisfactory further reduction of hemodynamic parameters was performed until ‘bloodless surgical field’ (grade 2 or lower) was achieved. The rate of intraoperative bleeding was calculated from the ratio of total blood loss and the operative time. The extent of the disease was assessed according to computed tomography findings using Lund-Mackay staging system. Results Significant positive correlation (Spearman correlation test; p Conclusion During ESS, it is microvascular density of the nasal mucosa rather than the extent of the disease that contributes to the intensity of intraoperative bleeding, although both factors negatively influence the quality of surgical field.