Leucas aspera Nanomedicine Shows Superior Toxicity and Cell Migration Retarded in Prostate Cancer Cells

Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies among men worldwide. The main aim of the present work was to clarify the advantages of a nanoformulation of ayurvedic herbal plants. Specifically, we assessed the improved anticancer activity of Leucas aspera nanoparticles compared with methanolic crude extract in PC3 prostate cancer cells and normal cells. L. aspera is a plant that is used in ayurveda due to the antirheumatic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anticancer, and cytotoxic activities. Nanoparticles of L. aspera were prepared from plant methanolic extracts. Cytotoxic effect was studied in the normal and prostate cancer cells. Size and morphology of the formulated nanoparticles was assessed using dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy. In vitro cytotoxicity of L. aspera nanoparticles for PC3 cells was concentration- and time-dependent. In vitro hemolysis assay, cellular uptake studies, cell aggregation studies, and cell migration assay established the anticancerous activity of L. aspera in prostate cancer.