Efficacy and safety of single preoperative dose tranexamic acid use for perioperative blood loss control in patients having primary total hip arthroplasty

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of single preoperative dose tranexamic acid use for perioperative blood loss control in patients having primary total hip arthroplasty.Methods One hundred patients having primary total hip arthroplasty were randomly divided into 2 groups,the tranexamic acid group and the control group,with 50 patients in each.In the tranexamic acid group,a single dose of 20 mg/kg was infused intravenously within 15 minutes before skin incision,while an equal volume of normal saline was given instead in the control group.Hemoglobin losses,blood transfusion volume and blood transfusion rate of these two groups were measured before and two days after operation,the comparative analysis was conducted.Deep vein thrombosis was also observed in these two groups.Results Hemoglobin losses,blood transfusion volume and blood transfusion rate in the tranexamic acid group were (44.3 ± 13.2) g/L,(338.8 ±92.7) ml,13 (26％),lower than the control group (53.4 ± 8.9) g/L,(459.7 ± 188.5) ml,29 (58％) (P ＜ 0.05); while no significant difference was detected in the incidence of venous thrombosis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Tranexamic acid use preoperatively can reduce perioperative blood loss without increasing risk for venous thrombosis. Key words: Tranexamic acid;  Total hip arthroplasty;  Blood loss;  Venous thrombosis