The global aerosol–climate model ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3 – Part 1: Aerosol evaluation
2019
Abstract. We introduce and
evaluate aerosol simulations with the global aerosol–climate model
ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3, which is the aerosol component of the fully coupled
aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM–HAMMOZ. Both the host atmospheric
climate model ECHAM6.3 and the aerosol model HAM2.3 were updated from
previous versions. The updated version of the HAM aerosol model contains
improved parameterizations of aerosol processes such as cloud activation, as
well as updated emission fields for anthropogenic aerosol species and
modifications in the online computation of sea salt and mineral dust aerosol
emissions. Aerosol results from nudged and free-running simulations for the
10-year period 2003 to 2012 are compared to various measurements of aerosol
properties. While there are regional deviations between the model and
observations, the model performs well overall in terms of aerosol optical
thickness, but may underestimate coarse-mode aerosol concentrations to some
extent so that the modeled particles are smaller than indicated by the
observations. Sulfate aerosol measurements in the US and Europe are
reproduced well by the model, while carbonaceous aerosol species are biased
low. Both mineral dust and sea salt aerosol concentrations are improved
compared to previous versions of ECHAM–HAM. The evaluation of the simulated
aerosol distributions serves as a basis for the suitability of the model for
simulating aerosol–climate interactions in a changing climate.
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