Calculation of the Spin Wave Energy Gap at k = o for a Simple Cubic Ferromagnet with Anisotropic Exchange Interactions
1980
Spin waves in a system of pseudo-spins forming a simple cubic ferromagnetic lattice are analysed by considering the most general bilinear interaction between nearest neighbors allowed by a four-fold order symmetry of the bond ℋij = J∥SizSjz+J⟂(SixSjx+SiySjy) for a pair (i,j) oriented along the z axis. For that extended Heisenberg system, the excitation energy a t the center of the Brillouin zone is found to be zero with the usual theory, a result which violates the Goldstone theorem predicting a gap a t this point. This gap is calculated through two different but consistent methods and its variation with the anisotropy of the exchange parameters is determined numerically. It is seen that even for a small gap, strongly anisotropic exchange is possible.
On consiekre un systeme de pseudo-spins situes aux noeuds d'un reseau cubique simple, ordonnesferromagnetiquement, soumis a I'interaction bilineaire la plus generale entre premiers voisins autorisee par la symbtrie, ℋij = J∥SizSjz+J⟂(SixSjx+SiySjy), pour une paire (i,j) orientheselon O z. Pour ce systeme, qui est une extension du modele de Heisenberg, on trouve a l'aide de la theorie usuelle des ondes de spin une energie d'excitation nulle au centre de la zone de Brillouin; ce resultat est en contradiction avec le theoreme de Goldstone qui prevoit un gap en ce point. Ce gap est calcule par deux methodes differentes et coherentes et sa variation en fonction de l'anisotropie des parametres d'echange est determinee numeriquement. On montre qu'un faible gap peut s'accompagner d'une forte anisotropie de l'echange.
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