Current status of grapevine Leafroll disease on wine grape (Vitis vinifera L.) Cultivar in India

Grapevine (Vitis spp.) is one of the most widely grown fruit crops in the world. Grapes are used for the production of fresh fruits, wines, juices, raisins, and in several byproducts such as jellies, vinegars, and seed oils. Grapevines are broadly classified into red- and white-berried cultivars based on their fruit skin color, although yellow, pink, crimson, dark blue, and black-berried cultivars also exist. India was the leading country in grapes production either 1st or 2nd or 3rd. But the year 2010 saw unprecedented decline in production and productivity both and ultimately lowered down its rank to 39th position in the world’s list of grape. It was due to attacked by several biotic and abiotic stresses constituting the variety of pests and pathogens. Viruses (GLRaV-3 and GLRaV-1) are the two most common viruses associated with the leafroll disease of grapevine produce a wide range of symptoms in susceptible plants, modulate host metabolic pathways and cause significant losses to crop yield and quality.