No evidence for PKC activation in stimulation of insulin secretion by phentolamine

The possible role of protein kinase C (PKC) activation in the course of insulin secretion induced by the imidazoline phentolamine was investigated by measuring the insulin secretion of perifused mouse islets and of insulin-secreting HIT cells and by measuring the PKC activity of HIT cells. When normal mouse islets were perifused with the imidazoline phentolamine (32 µM) or the sulfo- nylurea glibenclamide (1 µM), neither phentolamine nor glibenclamide could produce a stimulation of secretion which was stronger than that elicited by a strong depolarization. Under the same conditions, tetradecanoylphorbolacetate (TPA, 50 nM), a known activator of PKC activity in pancreatic islets, markedly enhanced the secretion induced by K+ depolarization. Phentolamine also stimulated insulin secretion of superfused HIT cells. When PKC activity in HIT cells was down-regulated to 15% of the initial value by overnight exposure to TPA (50 nM), the stimulatory effect of TPA on secretion was virtually abolished, while phentolamine was still able to elicit a monophasic secretion. TPA (50 nM) induced the typical redistribution of PKC activity in HIT cells: within 2 min, the share of membrane-bound PKC activity rose from 26% to 87% of the total PKC activity, which remained unchanged. In contrast, phentolamine (32 µM) had no effect on PKC distribution, did not down-regulate PKC and had no effect on PKC activity once it was down-regulated by TPA. Thus, the recent suggestion that the insulinotropic effect of imidazolines involves an activation of PKC could not be verified for phentolamine.