Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis and Ovarian Teratoma: A Case Report

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is often associated with ovarian teratomas in young women. However, children are less likely to develop this condition. We herein report a very rare case of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and an ovarian teratoma in a young girl. A previously healthy 9-year-old girl presented with convulsions and unconsciousness. Her cerebral spinal fluid was positive for anti-NMDAR antibody. She underwent immunotherapy, and although her clinical course improved, she did not fully recover. A right ovarian teratoma was then found and removed, and she became negative for anti-NMDAR antibody. She exhibited almost full recovery and no relapse. Tumor resection is recommended in the treatment of anti-NMDAR encephalitis. A tumor search should be actively carried out in patients aged < 12 years. Int J Clin Pediatr. 2017;6(1-2):20-23 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/ijcp260w