Evaluation of potential circulating biomarkers for prediction of response to chemoradiation in patients with glioblastoma

Surgery followed by chemoradiation and adjuvant chemotherapy is standard of care for patients with a glioblastoma (GBM). Due to its limited benefit, an upfront method to predict dismal outcome would prevent unnecessary toxic treatment. We searched for a predictive blood derived biomarker in a cohort of 55 patients with GBM. Increasing age (HR 1.03, 95 % CI 1.01–1.06), and postoperative tumor residue (HR 1.07, 95 % CI 1.02–1.15) were independently associated with unfavourable progression free survival (PFS) in these patients. Corticosteroid use before start of chemoradiaton was strongly predictive for outcome (HR 3.26, 95 % CI 1.67–6.39) with a mean PFS and OS in patients using corticosteroids of 7.3 and 14.6 months, versus 16.1 and 21.6 months in patients not using corticosteroids (p = 0.0005, p < 0.0067 respectively). Despite earlier reports, blood concentrations of YKL-40, Fetuin-a and haptoglobin were not predictive for response. In addition, serum peptide profiles, determined by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy, were not predictive as well. In conclusion, further biomarker discovery studies are needed to predict treatment outcome for patients with GBM in the near future.