Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants at 72 Hours of Age

Context: Reduced birth weight is associated with increased risk for the insulin resistance syndrome. Part of this risk is hypothesized to originate from intrauterine growth retardation. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine whether or not the components of the insulin resistance syndrome are associated with reduced fetal growth. Design: This was a case-control study. Setting: The study was conducted in Beijing, China. Participants: Included in this study were 296 singleton neonates (177 males and 119 females), including 76 (37 preterm and 39 full-term newborns) classified as small for gestational age (SGA) and 220 who were appropriate for gestational age (AGA) (84 preterm and 136 full-term newborns). Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were postabsorptive glucose, insulin, and lipids levels on the third day after birth. Results: Both full-term and preterm SGA neonates had higher insulin concentrations (mean ± sem, 17.11 ± 1.15 vs.6.80 ± 0.62 μIU/ml in full-term, P < 0.01; 11.99 ± 1...