The Impact of Dietary Intake and Sun Exposure on Vitamin D Deficiency among Couples

Result: Three hundred and twenty five couples were included in the study. The mean dietary intake of vitamin D was low, but not significantly different between men and women. Vitamin D level was <50 nmol/L in 209 (64.3%) men and 292 (89.8%) women. The mean 25(OH)D level in males (46.06 ± 12.97 nmol/L) was significantly higher than females (33.12 ± 13.48 nmol/L). There was a significant association between dietary intake and 25(OH)D levels in both men and women. Sun exposure was also found to be significantly associated with 25(OH)D level in males but not in females which is attributed to the use of veil.