Design and synthesis of hydroxyethylene-based peptidomimetic inhibitors of human β-secretase

The hydroxyethylene (HE) transition state isostere was developed as a scaffold to provide potent, small molecule inhibitors of human β-secretase (BACE). The previous work on the statine series proved critical to the discovery of HE structure-activity relationships. Compound 20 with the N-terminal isophthalamide proved to be the most potent HE inhibitor (IC 50 = 30 nM) toward BACE. Unlike the statine series, we identified HE inhibitors without carboxylic acids on the C terminus, leading to enhanced cell penetration and making them attractive candidates for further drug development in Alzheimer's disease.