Laceration of a branch of the profunda femoris artery caused by a spike of the displaced lesser trochanter in an inter-trochanteric femoral fracture. A case report

Abstract Introduction Injury of femoral vessels is an extremely rare complication in intertrochanteric femoral fractures. In most cases reported, the vascular lesion involves the superficial femoral artery, whereas in very few cases does it involve the profunda femoris artery. Presentation of case: We report a case of acute bleeding due to laceration of a perforating branch of the profunda femoris artery caused by a sharp fragment of the displaced lesser trochanter in an intertrochanteric femoral fracture; the lesion was treated by transcatheter embolization. Discussion The arterial injury may be iatrogenic, occurring during intramedullary internal fixation, or less frequently, the injury may be due to the fracture itself, caused by a sharp bone fragment that damages the profunda femoris artery or one of its perforating branches. Conclusion We believe that intertrochanteric femoral fractures with avulsed lesser trochanter are at risk for femoral vessel injuries caused by the displaced bone spike, and we advise meticulous clinical and laboratory monitoring pre- and post-operatively to prevent serious complications.