RECENT ENERGY TRENDS IN ENERGY POLICIES: CLEAN AND RENEWABLE ENERGIES

As an indicator of sustainable development, renewable and clean energy policies are becoming a major concern in the agendas of scientific and political authorities. In today’s world, energy and information technologies are indispensable for the development of nations, and reliability of energy source and management of information turn into a top security issue. As the reflection of desire to own energy, countries have been in competition to dominate energy sources in history. Governments organize their energy policies to ensure energy security of countries, however, the primary goals in energy policies should be cheaper, reliable and eco-friendly energy utilization. Due to the increasing energy demand and diminishing fossil fuels, studies on electrical energy production with renewable sources such as hydraulic, solar, wind, biomass and geothermal promise opportunities to build a habitable world. Today, electrical energy production has been mainly derived from limited sources, particularly from coal and natural gas reserves. However, coal and oil reserves in the world are finite and it is known that it will diminish in the near future. Hence, energy policies must take into account renewable sources, which are principally eco-friendly and easy-accessible. This study highlights recent trends in renewable energy resources. The clean energy policies and solutions to increase renewable energy penetration are discussed.