A New Analytical Expression of the Gas Conversion for TAP Experiments with Bimodal-Pore-Structure

An improved impact scraping tool for scraping material from surfaces is set forth having a ramming member for transmitting externally applied thrust forces to a thrust member which is slidably mounted to the ramming member for relative motion therewith. The ramming member has a discontinuity in cross-section which when engaged by the thrust member stops the relative motion between the members and results in a transfer of the momentum of the ramming member to the thrust member. A blade support plate having lateral grooves in its upper and under surfaces is carried by the thrust member and clamped to a pair of T-shaped claims which have laterally extending shoulders for engagement into the grooves. Material scraped from surfaces is precluded from wedging between the clamps and the blade support plate which prolongs the life of the scraping tool.