Associations between Dietary Inflammatory Index(DII) and bone health among postmenopausal women in the United States.

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®) score and the bone health of menopausal women. METHODS A total of 2461 participants were included in the analysis from the NHANES database 2009-2018 and 2005-2006. Evaluate the association between the DII and Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) through a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS The mean DII in this study was +0.89 (SD 0.18) and the scores ranged from -5.46 (most anti-inflammatory) to +4.58 (most pro-inflammatory). After adjusting for confounding factors, higher DII is associated with an increased risk of decreased total bone density (Model III, β -0.012; 95% CI -0.023, -0.001). There is a similar correlation found in bone density content and other indicators of bone mineral density. At the same time, we used BMI as a stratified variable for subgroup analysis, we found that higher DII (continuous) was associated with a significantly higher risk of decreased total bone density in overweight/obese postmenopausal women (β -0.018; 95% CI -0.025,-0.006). CONCLUSIONS A higher DII score is significantly associated with lower bone density and bone density in postmenopausal women, especially women who are overweight/obese.