Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of an Integrative Pain Management Program in a Primary Care Safety-Net Clinic

Abstract Objective: To design, implement, and evaluate a comprehensive Integrative Pain Management Program (IPMP) for patients with chronic pain in a safety-net primary care clinic. Design: We used a quality improvement “Plan Do Study Act” (PDSA) framework to design, refine, and evaluate an integrative chronic pain program. Setting: An urban federally qualified health center located in a community with high rates of chronic pain, substance use, and opioid overdose. Subjects: Eligible participants included individuals with pain for greater than 3 months who were prescribed opioid therapy. Outcome measures: We designed IPMP using a PDSA framework that promotes continuous evaluation and adaptation of the program to meet the needs of the clinical system. We assessed feasibility and acceptability with program referrals and attendance and evaluated program satisfaction. Results: The IPMP delivered a 12-week group-based intervention that involved group support, education on pain etiology and treatments, movement...