The Factor Analysis of Group Purchasing in Industrial Cluster

Industrial cluster has the function of risk sharing. And this paper may use the mathematical model to analyze the whole cluster's procurement strategy including the optimal quantity of the forward contracts. Considering the pricing of the forward contracts in the floating interest structure, this paper makes further analysis on the decision model of the whole cluster. Through the conclusion from the model, the decision maker may increase of decrease the quantity of forward contracts by the value of the influence factors considering the whole cluster's benefit. Keywords-industrial cluster; group purchasing; factors analysis all the participators. But in modern society, with the development of the information technology, the advantage coming from the joint innovation may soon be learned or achieved by the other industrial or the non-cluster enterprises. The result of the trend is the standardization of the key technology, or the competitive market structure. The monopoly profit of the technology may disappear. This phenomenon occurs especially in the IT industry. Then the function of risk sharing in the enterprises cluster may ensure the profit level considering the similar price. This condition may be paid more attention in recent months because of the financial crisis originating from American. How to utilize the function of risk evasion to lock the profit or decrease the loss may become the key problems in the industrial clusters. In this paper we may introduce the method from the supply chain and the electricity market to solve the problem of cooperation between the cluster enterprises and the outside supplier. The price of raw material market may fluctuate frequently because of the external factor's shock. Based on the almost constant end product's price, the fluctuation of the price of the raw material may bring risk to all demanders including the cluster enterprises. So it is very important to find a feasible way to transform risk or lock the profit to survive healthily. In recent years the application of the mature financial theory and conception to dissolve the enterprise's risk has become the new research arena. Here we consider using the financial derivatives to control the risk. It is very popular to sign some forward contracts or future contracts in the regular operation of the cluster enterprises individually or as a whole. And the second part of this paper we may consider the time value of the fund. And based on the pricing model of the forward contracts by Zhang Yi-shan (26) (2004) we make further study of the optimal quantity of the forward contracts. In the end, we may analyze the influence factors related to the contracts quantity of the cluster enterprises.