Composite cardiovascular risk factor target achievement and its predictors in US adults with diabetes: The Diabetes Collaborative Registry

Author(s): Fan, Wenjun; Song, Yang; Inzucchi, Silvio E; Sperling, Laurence; Cannon, Christopher P; Arnold, Suzanne V; Kosiborod, Mikhail; Wong, Nathan D | Abstract: AIM:To investigate multiple risk factor target attainment in adults with diabetes mellitus (DM) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prevention and the predictors of such attainment in a contemporary DM registry. METHODS:In the US Diabetes Collaborative Registry we identified patients who were at target for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; l 53 mmol/mol (7%) or l 64 mmol/mol (8%) if with ASCVD), LDL cholesterol (l 2.6 mmol/L (100 mg/dL) or l 1.8 mmol/L (70 mg/dL) 1.8 if with ASCVD) and blood pressure (BP; l140/90 mmHg and l 130/80 mmHg as an alternate), and who had non-smoking status, by sex, race and history of ASCVD. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine predictors of target attainment. RESULTS:In 74 393 patients with DM who had available data (mean age 69.0 years, 41.0% women), overall target attainment for HbA1c, BP, LDL cholesterol and non-smoking status was 73.6%, 69.0% (40.3% for BP l130/80 mmHg), 48.6% and 85.2%, respectively. Only 21.6% (13.0% with BP l130/80 mmHg) were at target for all four measures, and the proportions were higher in men (23.6%) versus women (18.6%) and in white people (22.5%) versus African-American people (14.7%) and people of other races (20.8%; P l 0.01). A total of 62.4% were on a moderate-/high-intensity statin. Age (≥65 years: odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.7-2.0; and 55-64 years: OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.2-1.4 vs. l55 years), male sex (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.3-1.4), white race (OR 1.4, 95% CI 1.3-1.5), middle or high income (ORs 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.2 or 1.4, 95% CI 1.4-1.5, respectively) were associated, and depression (OR 0.9, 95% CI 0.8-1.0) was inversely associated with meeting all four targets (all P = 0.01 to P l 0.001). CONCLUSIONS:In our US registry of patients with DM, only one in five patients were achieving comprehensive risk factor control. Multifactorial interventions will be necessary to optimize ASCVD risk factor control.