A method to estimate the incidence of transfusion reaction for the transfusion-treating disease in Chinese hospital

Aims: To propose a method to help the clinical doctors to estimate the patients' probability of suffering transfusion reaction during or after the transfusion treatment. Background: Blood components could be regarded as drugs that may cause adverse reactions while the transfusion is a kind of therapeutic procedure. The incidence of adverse transfusion reaction (ATR) is about 2{per thousand}, so some ATR might be neglected by clinical doctors. The ATR may affects patients.prognosis and even causes life threatening problems if not treated quickly and effectively. So, it is necessary to assess the patients.risk of ATR before transfusion and it is very important for ATRs' prevention and management. Methods/materials: The 79 hospitals reported ATR covered most of the mainland in China except Xizang province. From May 2018 to June 2019, there were about 1500 ATR cases. By Apriori algorithm and complex network method, information of these cases were extracted. The diseases which most probable encounter transfusion reactions after transfusion were screened out and it would be possible to estimate the probability of transfusion reaction of the disease that needs transfusion treatment. Results: Even though the average incidence of ATR is about 2{per thousand}, i.e. on the order of 10^(-3), for cancer patients the incidence of transfusion reaction is at least on the order of 10^(-2). And diseases of blood and hematopoietic organs, partus and puerperium, the incidence of transfusion reaction might be higher than the order of 10^(-3). The gastrointestinal hemorrhage patients need repeated transfusion, however their incidence of ATR might be around the order of 10^(-3). This means that even though we have thought the history of transfusion might increase the incidence of ATR, it does not increase the incidence significantly. Conclusion: The incidence of ATR in different groups of patients are different. For instance, in the 0-19 age group, cancer patients transfused by platelet the incidence is higher than 1% much higher than the average incidence. The ATR incidence among the gastrointestinal hemorrhage patients transfused by plasma is higher than 0.9{per thousand}. And most of the patients in this group also have the history of transfusion. So the transfusion history might increase the ATR incidence, however, it depends on the patients' condition, including the disease they are suffering. Evaluating the patients' condition before transfusion is important. In this study we have proposed a method to valuate the patients' condition before transfusion. Clinical doctors might use the method to estimate the detailed incidence of ATR in their hospital. This might be helpful to prevent the ATR to some extent.