From nano- to macro-engineering of oxide-encapsulated-nanoparticles for harsh reactions: one-step organization via cross-linking molecules

A strategy of “macro–micro–nano” organization is reported for embedding oxide-encapsulated-nanoparticles onto monolithic substrates in one-step with the aid of molecularly defined cross-linking agents. Such catalysts, with enhanced heat/mass transfer and high permeability, are qualified for several harsh reaction processes such as CH4/VOC abatement, gas-phase hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate and oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane.