Electric utility use of coal-derived fuels: health, personnel protection, and regulatory considerations. Final report

Health, personnel protection, and regulatory considerations in electric utility use of coal-derived fuel oils were studied. Earlier studies indicated that coal-derived fuels are more toxic and psosibly more carcinogenic than conventional fuel oils. This study summarizes present knowledge of potential health and environmental hazards posed by these new fuels, and describes measures designed to minimize or eliminate these hazards. An exhaustive literature review provided a comprehensive picture of the health effects associated with the production, handling and transportation of coal liquids. Applicable legislation ad reguations were reviewed, and their implications for general commercial use of coal derived liquids assessed. Site visits to a number of plants using conventional petroleum fuels provided information on current work practices and worker exposures. These observations were the basis for estimates of occupational exposures to coal derived fuels and resultant health effects if current work practices remained in effect. The nature, frequency, and extent of exposure of utility and transportation workers and the general public were taken into account in developing draft guidelines for handling of coal derived liquid fuels. Needed additional research was identified, as were regulations and legislation requiring clarification or interpretation. In general, there appear to be no serious impediments to themore » use of coal derived liquids as direct replacements for petroleum fuels in electric utility generation plants. However, additional industrial hygiene and occupational health practices, and, possibly, some protective engieering measures will be required for safe handling of these new fuels.« less