Distinctive features of the structure of linguistic ontology

This paper describes a methodology for developing a linguistic ontology as a component of a system for automatic analysis of customer opinions about commercial products. The fundamental principles of building ontologies of this type are substantiated, which include the following: the relationship between ontology and grammar; distinguishing parametric and evaluative terms in its structure and classification of evaluative terms into syntactic and semantic ones; the binary relationship between syntactic and semantic terms; the gradation scale of the intensity of evaluations. The cases of the homonymy and synonymy of evaluative terms are analyzed for the first time based on Russian data.