Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Duodenal GIST: A Case Report

The principal treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) is surgical; and complete excision is important, but cannot always be achieved. For such cases, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with imatinib mesylate (IM) has been recommended. A case of a GIST of the second portion of the duodenum for which pancreatoduodenectomy was indicated, and for which partial resection was made possible as a result of cytoreduction by IM NAC, is reported. A 64-year-old man with pancytopenia due to hepatic cirrhosis caused by hepatitis C infection received repeated blood transfusions because of anemia of unknown origin starting 2 years earlier. Most recently, the patient had melena with hemoglobin of 5.1 mg/dL. Diagnostic imaging showed a solid tumor, 55 × 48 × 65 mm3, in the second portion of the duodenum showing mainly extramural development. Endoscopic aspiration biopsy showed proliferation of KIT-positive spindle-shaped heterotypic cells. GIST was diagnosed, and an exon 11 KIT mutation was found. Because of the ...