Adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en escolares de Educación Primaria partícipes en actividad física: una revisión sistemática. (Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Primary Education pupils involved in physical activity: a systematic review)

En la actualidad, existe una clara tendencia del abandono del estilo de vida mediterraneo, en especial en ninos y adolescentes. La dieta mediterranea se postula como una de las formas de alimentacion mas saludables que existen. Conocer la adherencia a la dieta mediterranea en escolares resulta de interes, ya que podrian desplegarse acciones para promover una alimentacion saludable, especialmente desde la asignatura de Educacion Fisica. Esta es una revision sistematica de estudios transversales que determinaron la adherencia a la dieta mediterranea en escolares, mediante la busqueda en cinco bases de datos distintas, entre 2014 y 2019. Para la seleccion de los articulos, fue preciso considerar el tipo de estudio, la franja etaria analizada, asi como el lugar de realizacion de este. 13 estudios fueron incluidos en la revision, donde el 69.2% de los mismos presenta que mas de la mitad de la muestra de ninos incluidos en los estudios necesitan mejorar sus patrones de alimentacion (50%). En los ultimos anos parecen haberse producido ligeras mejoras con relacion a la adherencia al patron mediterraneo por parte de los escolares. No obstante, se requiere un mayor numero de estrategias de intervencion para la promocion de habitos alimenticios correctos. === Today, there is a clear trend of abandonment of the Mediterranean lifestyle, especially in children and adolescents. Mediterranean diet is postulated as one of the healthiest forms of feeding that exist. Knowing the adherence to the Mediterranean diet in schoolchildren results interesting, since actions could be taken to promote a healthy diet, especially from the subject of Physical Education. Systematic review of cross-sectional studies that determined adherence to the Mediterranean diet in schoolchildren, by searching five different databases between 2014 and 2019. For the selection of the articles, it was necessary to consider the type of study, the age range analysed, as well as the location where the study was carried out. 13 studies were included in the review, where 69.2% of them show that more than half of the sample of children included in the studies need to improve their eating patterns (50%). In recent years there seem to have been slight improvements in relation to adherence to the Mediterranean pattern by schoolchildren. However, a greater number of intervention strategies are required to promote correct eating habits.