Factores de riesgo para padecer trastornos psicóticos: ¿Es posible realizar una detección preventiva? Risk factors of psychoses: Is it possible a preventive detection?

Introduction: Revision of the risk factors for the psychoses from the point of view of the international literature and the clinical and research experience of the team. Main objective: To present the design and the first tests of an exploration and screening instrument of alarm signs and risk factors of severe mental disorders, and especially psychoses. The LISMEN (Mental Health Items List for pre-scholar and scholar ages) is a instrument applicable in the first years of life on the part of the services of primary attention of health and the equipments of mental health linked with them. Methodology: 5 different samples, so much of infantile age as of adults. The work is centred in the sample A of the LISMEN Project: It is a retrospective descriptive study of the patients who have developed a psychosis (N=838) and who had been visited previously, already during the childhood, in the same Unit of Mental Health (N=120). Results: The results of the other samples previously studied are used to frame the topic and to present the first results of the sample A: A constellation of risk factors is pointed out in the histories or clinical dossiers of the childhood of the patients that will develop a post-puberal psychosis. Conclusions: Although today we possess a wide wealth of knowledge about the risk factors of the schizophrenia and other psychoses, that doesn’t imply that we can predict the disorders based on the same ones. The LISMEN is an intent in that sense.