Vascular leiomyoma in the oral cavity – Report of two cases
2019
Vascular leiomyomas (VL) are benign lesions of perivascular origin. We report two new cases and discuss their
clinical, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics, in order to facilitate the diagnosis and treatment of
such lesions. The patients, both male, presented asymptomatic nodules located in the bottom of the labial sulcus
and buccal mucosa. In the second case, color doppler ultrasonography was performed, which showed no change in
blood flow. After excisional biopsies, a limited lesion was observed histologically, with multiple tortuous vessels of
varying sizes and calibers, and among them, spindle cells bundles, positive for smooth muscle actin. Oral VLs have
clinical features similar to those of other more common lesions, making preoperative diagnosis difficult. Imaging
examination, such as color doppler ultrasonography, may help in diagnosis. In general, excisional biopsy is performed, due to the ease of removal of the lesion during surgery. The treatment of choice is the complete excision of
the lesion, which has an excellent prognosis and a low rate of recurrence.
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