Prévalence des germes impliqués dans les infections vaginales chez les femmes camerounaises et facteurs de risque

Les infections du tractus genital femelle representent un probleme de sante publique. Au Cameroun, les donnees concernant leur epidemiologie sont de plus en plus disponibles mais neanmoins restent obsoletes particulierement dans la ville de Douala. Une etude transversale a ete conduite dans trois hopitaux de la ville de Douala dans le but de determiner la prevalence des infections genitales et les facteurs de risque associes. Ainsi, 300 femmes ont ete incluses dans l’etude. Une fiche d’enquete a ete utilisee pour collecter les informations des participantes. Des prelevements vaginaux ont ete collectes, caracterises et mis en culture. Les anticorps anti- VIH ont ete recherches dans le serum des patientes. La prevalence des infections genitales et de l’infection a VIH etait 28% et 25,7% respectivement. Les germes rencontres etaient les bacteries Gram+ (17,7%),  Candida spp. (11,0%), coccobacilles (0,7%) et les bacteries Gram- (0,7%). L’infection a VIH, le statut matrimonial, la contraception orale et l’utilisation de produit lors de la toilette vaginale etaient des facteurs de risque. Le risque eleve de vaginoses trouve dans cette etude souligne le besoin de l’implementation de programmes communautaires de detection precoce des infections genitales et d’information-education communication. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Mots cles: Femme, infection du tractus genital, prevalence, facteurs de risque, Douala English Title:  Prevalence of germs associated with vaginal infections in Cameroonian women and risk factors English Abstract Female genital tract infections constitute a public health concern. In Cameroon, epidemiological data about are increasingly available. However, there is still a paucity of data in the town of Douala. A hospital  based cross-sectional study was carried out in the town of Douala with the aim to determine the prevalence of vaginal infections and identify the risk factors. In total, 300 women were included in the study. Baseline data were documented via investigation form. Vaginal swabs were collected, processed and used for isolation of germs. Screening of HIV infection was also performed. The prevalence of vaginal infection and HIV infection was 28% and 25.7% respectively. Gram (+) bacteria (17.7%), Candida spp. (11.0%), coccobacilli (0.7%) and Gram (-) bacteria (0.7%) were founded associated with vaginal infection cases. Four risk factors were underscored in this study: HIV infection, marital status, oral contraceptive and the absence of utilization of sanitary product for vaginal douching. This study revealed high risk of vaginal infection in Cameroonian women living in Douala. This outlines the need for the implementation of community-based intervention based on early detection of genital infection and their sensitization. © 2016 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved. Keywords: Women, Genital tract infection, prevalence, risk factors, Douala