Retrospective Study of Radiotherapy Impact on the Outcome of Material-assisted Implant-based Subpectoral Breast Reconstruction.

Background/aim Synthetic meshes (SMs) and acellular dermal matrices (ADMs) are used in reconstructive breast surgery. In the absence of prospective comparative studies, the identification of differences relies on retrospective analyses. Patients and methods Our analysis focused on the impact of pre- and postoperative radiotherapy (RTX) and material-related differences. The analysis included 281 breast cancer patients (362 breasts) after nipple- and skin-sparing mastectomy with subpectoral implant insertion. Results Overall, the implant loss rate was 23.1% using porcine ADM, 7% using partially resorbable SM (prSM), and 5.6% using non-resorbable SM (nrSM). After RTX, the implant loss rate was 56.3% with ADM, 13% with prSM and 13.2% with nrSM. The ADM group showed a significant effect of RTX on the postoperative seroma rate, wound infections, and implant loss rate. When prSM was used, RTX showed no significant effect. When using the nrSM, RTX significantly influenced complication rates regarding wound infections and implant loss. Conclusion In material-assisted breast reconstructions with pre- or post-operative RTX, there is a significantly higher implant loss rate when using porcine ADM compared to SM.