Current Challenges in the Management of Neuroblastoma: Noncoding RNA Influences

Abstract Neuroblastoma diagnostic criteria and therapeutic options have been identified and implemented within the oncology clinical setting as best possible and in a timely manner following the ever-changing advances in modern medical research technologies, as time progressed. Nonetheless, pediatric patients afflicted with this condition and their clinicians are still faced with a plethora of challenges on a daily basis that potentially thwart rapidly efficient and effective diagnosis, management, and treatment of this condition. This chapter serves as a humbling eye-opener on one of the recent, although most crucial, challenges hindering all those involved in neuroblastoma basic/translational research, namely, the influence of noncoding RNAs, with particular reference to the realm of microRNA (miRNA) and long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) theranostics.