Rectal expander-assisted transanal endoscopic microsurgery in rectal tumors.

: Rectal expander-assisted transanal endoscopic microsurgery (RE-TEM) was performed for two cases of early rectal cancer and a case of villous tumor under saddle block anesthesia. RE-TEM is the new technique for local excision of rectal tumors with a rectal expander that we developed. The rectal expander expands the rectum after insertion through the anus and provides adequate vision for microsurgery with standard video monitors. Tumors were located 8, 8, and 5 cm from the anal verge, and all of them were excised completely with no difficulty. Minor bleeding was noted in all cases and was controlled by electric coagulation and/or sutures. Average operative time for the three cases was 105 min. We conclude that RE-TEM is useful for rectal tumors and/or early rectal cancer that cannot be removed by endoscopy.