Effect and modulation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in traumatic brain injury

Traumatic brain injury(TBI) is a common disease among peace-time and war time injuries,with high morality and morbidity.The non-infective inflammatory reactions play an important role in the pathological process in TBI which affect directly the prognosis and turnover of TBI.The mechanism of these inflammatory reactions is unknown,and so the clinical practice is still lack of interventional strategies to cope with TBI.The newest research demonstrates that the toll-like receptors(TLRs) mediates non-infective inflammatory reactions and their family members TLR2/4(TLR2 or TLR4) are associated with non-infective inflammation in some diseases in central neuvous system.Recently the studies on the effect and mechanism of TLR2/4 in the TBI have been noted.The related studies are rarely reported nationally and internationally.It is possible for TLR2/4 to be a new research focus.The problems relating to TLR2/4 are discussed and reviewed in this paper.