Asynchronous graphic data processing system based on GPU

The invention discloses an asynchronous graphic data processing system based on a GPU. The asynchronous graphic data processing system comprises achieving a combining coloring algorithm for changing an original single and heuristic coloring algorithm to the combining coloring algorithm; a data preprocessing strategy for changing an original preprocessing partition method based on a vertex degree to a mode based on vertex coloring distribution; and an asynchronous processing executing engine which changes the executing mode of a processing engine from a synchronous BSP mode to an asynchronous processing mode and achieve lockless asynchronous programming on the GPU in combination with a combining coloring algorithm module. In the asynchronous processing executing engine, an iteration processing module and a data flow executing module are achieved and the bandwidths and computing capabilities of a CPU and the GPU are managed and used in a unified manner. According to the graphic data processing system based on the GPU, the asynchronous processing executing engine may greatly accelerate graphic algorithm convergence and solve problems of synchronous waiting expense and asynchronous programming lock expense on the GPU so as to improve the graphic data processing capability of the GPU.