Flux quantization in rings for Hubbard (attractive and repulsive) and t-J-like Hamiltonians.

The ground-state energy of rings with 10 or 16 sites and 2 or 4 fermions (holes or electrons) is computed as a function of the flux {Phi} created by a vector potential constant along the ring (Aharonov-Bohm setup) for three different model Hamiltonians: the attractive ({ital U}{lt}0) and repulsive ({ital U}{gt}0) Hubbard and a {ital t}-{ital J}-like Hamiltonian. In all cases the flux is found to be quantized in units {ital hc}/2{ital e}, showing that the charge carriers are pairs. The possible role of phonon fluctuations in discriminating among the different models is also investigated.