ESTRATÉGIAS PARA O ENSINO DO AUTOCUIDADO DE PACIENTES CIRÚRGICOS: UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA

The teaching of self-care stands out as an important strategy for coping with the difficulties that permeate the process of postoperative rehabilitation, allowing people to take care of themselves subsidized by information and recommendations elaborated carefully. This article aimed to identify and assess the evidence found in the national and international scientific literature on educational strategies for self-care at home of surgical patients, in order to guide the practice of nursing.Integrative literature review, held in the database LILACS and in electronic libraries PubMed, DEDALUS and SciELO, with scientific articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish between 2005 to 2016. Four articles were selected that showed educational strategies for the teaching of self-care as mobile computing with perioperative educational multimedia modules; telephone follow-up; interactive education via CD-ROM or DVD, classroom, application of Theory of Self-care by Orem, weekly meetings in groups, explanatory leaflets and continuing education of health professionals. These different strategies promote meeting the needs of the individual patient, encouraging learning about surgical procedure and its consequences, and the development of skills for self-care.