Catheter Ablation of Idiopathic Left Ventricular Tachycardia with Multiple Breakthrough Sites Guided by an Electroanatomical Mapping System

Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been considered to be amenable to radiofrequency catheter ablation guided by Purkinje potentials. However, there appear to be various types of reentrant circuits associated with this VT deduced from the results of the successful radiofrequency catheter ablation cases. We describe in this report a patient with idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia which was electrically inducible and verapamil sensitive. Multiple earliest ventricular activation sites during tachycardia were detected with electroanatomical mapping using the CARTO system. Multiple applications at these sites failed to eliminate the VT. The earliest Purkinje potential was recorded at least 1.5[emsp4 ]cm away from the earliest ventricular activation sites, and the radiofrequency current application at this site resulted in the complete abolition of this VT. The reentrant circuit of this tachycardia seemed to have multiple breakthrough sites to the ventricular myocardium, which were distant from the requisite part of the reentrant circuit of this VT involving the Purkinje fiber network conduction system.