A Weak-Consistency–Oriented Collaborative Strategy for Large-Scale Distributed Demand Response

Large-scale distributed demand response is a hotspot in the development of power system, which is of great significance to the consumption of new energy power generation and the process of clean energy substitution. However, the rigorous distributed algorithms utilized in current researches are mostly too complicated for the large-scale demand response, requiring high quality of information systems. Considering the electrical features of power systems, a weak consistency oriented collaborative strategy is proposed for the practical implementation of large-scale distributed demand response in this paper. Firstly, the basic conditions and objectives of demand response are explored from the view of system operator, and the challenges of large-scale demand response are discussed and furthermore modelled with a simplification based on the power systems characteristics, including uncertainties and fluctuations. Then, a weakly consistent distributed strategy for demand response is proposed based on Paxos distributed algorithm, where the information transmission is redesigned based on the electrical features to achieve better error tolerance. By case studies with different information transmission error rates and other conditions, the proposed strategy is demonstrated to be an effective solution for the large-scale distributed demand response implementation, with a robust response capability under even remarkable transmission errors. By integrating the proposed strategy, the requirement for the large-scale distributed systems, especially the information systems, is highly eased, leading to the acceleration of the practical demand response implementation.