Retraction Note: Effect of L-citrulline supplementation on blood pressure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
2019
The objective of this study was to systematically investigate the
efficacy of oral l-citrulline supplementation
on systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Studies were identified by a search of
electronic databases from inception to April 2018, and combined and stratified
analyses were used. Fifteen trials were identified, and data from 424 participants
were included. Pooled analysis showed significant reductions in systolic blood
pressure by −7.54 mmHg (95% confidence interval (CI): −9.44, −5.63; P < 0.001, I2 = 14%) and diastolic blood pressure by
−3.77 mmHg (95% CI: −5.67, −1.86, P < 0.001,I2 = 42%)
following oral supplementation of l-citrulline
or a watermelon extract. No changes were detected in controls. Significant
heterogeneity (I2 = 42%, P = 0.04) was found for diastolic blood pressure, and subgroup
analysis showed significant improvements in systolic and diastolic blood pressure,
particularly for study durations: ≥6 weeks, lower doses: ≤4 g/day, and in
participants with higher baseline values: ≥130/85 mmHg. In conclusion, l-citrulline improves systolic and diastolic blood
pressure and may be more efficacious in pre-hypertensive and hypertensive
populations.
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