Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm Caused by Aspergillus Pneumonia Presenting as an Endobronchial Mass Lesion

We present a case of pulmonary artery aneurysm (PA aneurysm) following Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia treated by coil embolisation. Although rare, PA aneurysms have a high mortality rate with a large proportion of the cases reported being found at post-mortem examination. Aspergillus infection is known to result in aneurysms in immunocompromised patients and in patients with infective endocarditis. The case we report is unusual in that the patient was not obviously immunocompromised, and initially presented with a different pathology. Treatment by endovascular coil embolisation was successfully employed in this instance, allowing the patient to be weaned from ventilatory support. Although this is an unusual complication of Aspergillus pneumonia, the identification and successful treatment of pulmonary artery aneurysms requires a high-index of suspicion.